Italian scientist, Vittorio Erspamer, was the first to analyze Kambo in a lab. He is known for being twice nominated for a Nobel Prize and is the scientist responsible for discovering the neurotransmitter, Serotonin.

Erspamer concluded that Kambo contains a “fantastic chemical cocktail with potential medical applications, unequaled by any other amphibian.”

His research has had a powerful impact in demonstrating that the peptides in Kambo can support with the immune system, detoxification, and pain relief.